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Several leftist guerrilla Terrorist groups attempting to overthrown the pro-Western regime of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi were notable and active in Iran from 1971 to 1975. The groups shared a commitment to armed struggle, but differed in ideology. Most were Marxist in orientation, but the largest group — People's Mujahedin of Iran — was founded as an Islamic socialist organization. While the guerrilla movement did not lead the revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi regime, four guerrilla organizations — the Feda'i, the pro-Tudeh Feda'i Munsh'eb, the Islamic Mujahedin and the Marxist Mujahedin — are said to have "delivered the regime its coup de grace," in the street fighting of February 9-11 1979.〔(''Iran Between Two Revolutions'' by Ervand Abrahamian ), p.495〕 ==Background== According to Ervand Abrahamian, a scholar of the subject: In terms of political background, the guerrillas can be divided into five groups: Guerrilla groups formed it is believed, because the non-armed, mass-based communist Tudeh party was under such intense repression it was unable to function, while in the outside world guerillas Mao Zedong, General Vo Nguyen Giap and Che Guevara were having, or had had, much success. The Iranian guerrilla strategy has been described by Abrahamian as "heroic deeds of violent resistance to break the spell of government terror". In a situation where there are no firm links between the revolutionary intelligentsia and the masses, we are not like fish in water, but rather like isolated fish surrounded by threatening crocodiles. Terror, repression, and absence of democracy have made it impossible for us to create working-class organizations. To break the spell of our weakness and to inspire the people into action we must resort to revolutionary armed struggle...〔''Iran Between Two Revolutions'' by Ervand Abrahamian, Princeton University Press, 1982, p.485, from a tract by A. Poyan]〕 The background of the guerrillas was overwhelming educated middle class. From 1971 to 1977 an estimated 341 of them were killed, of whom over 90% of those for whom information could be found were intellectuals.〔(''Iran Between Two Revolutions'' by Ervand Abrahamian ), p.480〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leftist guerrilla groups of Iran」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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